• The number of founders can range from one to fifty individuals.
• A director may be appointed from outside the founding members.
• There is no minimum requirement for the charter capital, making the LLC easy to establish.
• Dividends may be distributed quarterly, with a tax rate of only 5%.
• Founders' financial liability to creditors is limited to their contributions to the charter capital, minimizing personal risks.
• This structure offers management flexibility and financial protection for its founders.

A Joint-Stock Company (JSC) is a business entity where the charter capital is divided into shares representing ownership. Shareholders have the right to freely transfer shares, particularly through the stock market.

АJSCs are classified into two types:

• Public Joint-Stock Company (PJSC): Shares are freely traded on the market and accessible to anyone.
• Non-Public Joint-Stock Company (NJSC): Shares are privately held, and transfers are more controlled.
• This structure allows for investment attraction and efficient distribution of rights and responsibilities among participants.

A Foreign Enterprise (FE) is a business entity entirely owned by foreign investors, with 100% of the charter capital formed from foreign funds.

To establish an FE with two or more founders, an agreement detailing participants' rights, obligations, and relationships with third parties is required.The minimum charter capital is set at 400 million UZS and must be fully formed within one year.

Participants can be foreign companies or individuals who are citizens of other countries. This structure allows foreign investors to operate under local laws while retaining full control over capital and management.

A Joint Venture (JV) in Uzbekistan is a business entity created through the collaboration of local and foreign investors, where foreign capital accounts for at least 15% of the charter fund.

Key features of JVs include:

• Multilateral Participation: Founders can be individuals or legal entities from Uzbekistan and other countries.
• Charter Capital: The minimum charter capital is 400 million UZS and must be fully formed within one year.
• Agreement-Based Operations: JVs are established on agreements detailing participants' rights, obligations, and profit-sharing terms.
• Management Flexibility: Partners jointly determine development strategies, share risks, and make decisions. This form fosters foreign investments, new technologies, and expanded economic opportunities.

A Private Enterprise (PE) is a business entity fully owned by a single founder responsible for all business operations.

Key features include:

• Sole Ownership: Only one founder; partnerships are not allowed.
• Management: Only the founder may serve as director; delegation is not permitted.
• Charter Capital: There is no minimum requirement, allowing the founder to determine the capital size.
• Dividend Payments: Profits may be distributed quarterly, with a 5% dividend tax rate.
• Liability: The founder bears full personal liability for debts and obligations, making this a high-risk but flexible structure.
• PE is ideal for those who prefer full control and are willing to assume financial risks.